What leads to major scientific discoveries according to the speaker?

出自-2012年6月听力原文

More than 1,000 years ago, they made three important geographical discoveries.

2017年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

The word serendipity was coined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter, from a tale of three princes who 4twere always making discoveries, by accident, of things they were not in search of.

2017年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

Furthermore, they say, it is the best way for researchers to gather the range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends.

2017年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in alaska, they left dawson city as quickly as they had come.

2018年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Not surprisingly, newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear to be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation by future researchers.

2012年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers make discoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process; other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes; and finally, t

2012年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ