Objective To observe effects internal sphincterotomy using small needle scalpel for treatment of old anal cleft.

目的采用小针刀内括约肌切断术观察陈旧性肛裂的治疗效果.

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To study of endoscopic sphincterotomy ( EST ) in patients with stricture of common bile duct post cholecystectomy.

目的探讨胆总管下端炎性狭窄的内镜诊断与治疗.

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Objective : To observe the clinical results of laparoscopy cholecystectomy ( LC ) and endoscopic sphincterotomy for choledocholithiasis.

目的: 探讨腹腔镜 胆囊 切除 术和内镜括约肌切开术联合治疗胆囊胆总管结石的临床效果.

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